Resources

15mins: Introduction:

Online homework: Discuss any problems or difficulties the student may be having.

Independent reading: Ask the student about what they have read in English during the last week. If you are reading a novel together, discuss the assigned reading and any vocabulary words/ writing assignments.

Speaking part 3:

Discuss useful expressions:

I see your point but...

It's also worth bearing in mind that...

Coming back to what you were saying about...

At the end of the day...

What's your take on_______?

You've got a point there...

If you think about it like this...

The bottom line is...

Questions:

1. What might companies have to consider when marketing and selling their products to customers? (2 mins)

(write the following list on the board)

1. using the internet (social or email marketing)

2. attending sales conferences or exhibitions

3. print adverts (newspapers, magazines)

4. television or radio adverts

5. sponsorship of major events or charaties

Now decide which tactic is the most useful. (1 minute)

15mins: Review: Relative clauses (2)

We can often reduce a defining relative clause so that it begins with a present participle (-ing), past participle (-ed), or to-infinitive.

Present participle (-ing) clauses correspond to defining relative clauses with an active verb.

- The editor (who is) working on the cookbook or magazine is often there, too.

- A challenge (that is) facing food photographers is how to keep the food looking fresh.

past participle (-ed) clauses correspond to defining relative clauses with a passive verb.

-A big problem is the heat (that is) produced by the lights.

-The food in the photographs (that is) used to illustrate cookbooks and magazines isn't always authentic.

*Note: You can't reduce a relative clause when...

- there is a modal verb:

(correct) A technique that might be used in photographing meat is to use a glycerine spray.

(incorrect) A technique might be used in photographing meat is to use.......etc.

- when we talk about a single, completed action we can't reduce to (ing):

(correct) Sometimes the chef who created the dish in their restaurant comes to the studio.

(incorrect) Sometimes the chef creating the dish in their restaurant comes to the studio.

(to-inf.) clauses can be used after superlative + nouns OR the first, second, next, last, another or one + noun.

- I was the youngest person in the competition to win any of the major categories.

- She was really the first person to encourage me to take up food photography.

Adjective phrases:

Adjectives and adjective phrases can be used after nouns in a similar way to relative clauses. The adjective is often followed by a to-infinitive, preposition or used with an adverb.

It was easy to find a photographer willing to take an assistant for no pay.

(a photographer who was willing)

It's a job difficult for even a skilled photographer.

(a job which is difficult)

Glycerin's a liquid, completely colourless, that's often used to sweeten food.

(which is completely colourless)

Prepositional phrases:

We can provide additional information about a thing or a person using a prepositional phrase. Often these have a meaning similar to a relative clause:

The vegetables around that succulent piece of meat could be made from plastic.

(which are around.)

10mins: Worksheet: 11 relative clauses

15mins: Test: 11 reading practice - part 5

05mins: Warm down: Goodbye, see you next time. Encourage students to do additional reading for vocabulary building outside of the lesson. News articles, short stories, and novels are all great examples.

00mins: Homework - complete the next section of the online homework

Test answers: 1B, 2A, 3B, 4D, 5A, 6C