Resources

10mins: Introduction:

Online homework: Discuss any problems or difficulties the student may be having.

Independent reading: Ask the student about what they have read in English during the last week. If you are reading a novel together, discuss the assigned reading and any vocabulary words/ writing assignments.

Speaking part 2:

(Candidate A), It's your turn first. Here are your pictures. They show people in annoying situations. I'd like you to compare two of the pictures, and say what can be annoying in these different situations, and what might happen next. (long turn, 1 minute) (pg C10)

(Candidate B), Who do you think will be most affected by the situation? Why?

Tips:

1. Eye contact. Try to look at the examiner when you're talking, instead of speaking into the prompt.

2. ABC = Always be comparing. 60 seconds goes very quickly. Find as many comparisons, and answer the task question fully.

3. Keywords: while, whereas, both, neither

4. Extra practice: Look at two pictures, and find 5 comparisons. E.g. modern/traditional, young/old, indoors/outdoors

10mins: Review: Conjunctions and connectors -

Conjunctions link clauses within a single sentence.

To link two clauses, we usually use one conjunction. It is common to put a comma between two clauses that are linked by a conjunction. When 'because' or 'while' begin the second clause, we don't need a comma.

- Although it is expensive having driving lessons, I'd really recommend it.

- As long as I didn't do anything stupid, she remained calm.

- I didn't go on the class trip to New York because it was too expensive.

Conjunctions: before, until, hardly, no sooner, scarcely, however, even though

Note: **However can be used as a conjunction and a connector

before, until - can sometimes be used with little difference.

- She wouldn't let be drive on busy roads before/until I could control the car well.

Use 'until' when action continues to a particular point in time and then stops.

- I just carried on having lessons until my instructor said I was ready to take the driving test.

After hardly or scarcely, the second clause usually begins with when or before.

We'd hardly driven out of our road before we were shouting at each other.

After no sooner, it begins with than or when.

I'd no sooner passed my test than/when my friends started asking me for lifts.

Connectors link one sentence with another.

Connectors usually come at the beginning of a sentence. It is less common to find them at the end. The only ones that can't come at the beginning are 'too' and 'as well'.

- You could spend more time practising, as well.

- I like going to the cinema, too.

We usually put a comma after a sentence connector IF it comes at the beginning or end of a sentence.

- My mum thought I was ready to take my driving test. However, I failed the first time.

- After finding a driving instructor I really enjoyed, I didn't want to be taught by anyone else. Even so, I always found replacements very helpful.

If the connector comes elsewhere in a sentence, punctuation can vary

- There are lots of advantages in having your parents teach you. There's the cost, for instance...

- My instructor was very experienced, and, as a result...

- Having a professional teach you to drive is best, however, it can be very expensive.

Connectors: first(ly), at first, last(ly), at last, even so, on the other hand, on the contrary

10mins: Worksheet: 13

15mins: Test: 13 reading practice - part 6

10mins: Lesson extension:

- Discuss urban living vocabulary terms: suburbs, residencies, demolition, construction, outskirts, neighbourhoods, residents, commuters, costs, consequences, environment, space, pollution, waste management, crime, crime-rate, fumes, smog, tourism, attraction, traffic, transport.

- Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of living in a city vs. living in the suburbs or countryside. Practice using appropriate conjunctions and connectors.

05mins: Warm down: Goodbye, see you next time. Encourage students to do additional reading for vocabulary building outside of the lesson. News articles, short stories, and novels are all great examples.

00mins: Homework - complete the next section of the online homework

Practice test answers: 1)D 2)D 3)A 4)C