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ESL learners often confuse 'don't have to' with 'must not'. For example they might say "You don't have to smoke here" instead of "You mustn't smoke here". Explain that "you don't have to" means "you can, but it is not obligatory" or "it's not necessary". Give some examples to make this clearer "You don't have to play sport after school, but it is fun." "You don't have to do your homework tonight - you can have a break". "We don't have to feed the dog, Mum already did it".

Explain that "must" and "must not" are strong expressions in English and used often for rules.

Talk through the first few sentences together with the students and discuss which word/phrase they think fits in the gap. Try reading out both options and seeing how the meaning changes. Once the students seem to understand the difference, have them try and complete the other sentences on their own, then read them out loud o check.

Emphasise these structures when you use them in future lessons, to help reinforce this lesson. For example "You don't have to colour in the worksheet when you're finished. You can if you like, but you don't have to". "You must not leave your rubbish on the floor."